Indiana Qualified Medication Assistant (QMA) State Practice Exam

What is the primary purpose of using cold, dry compresses in patient care?

1. To enhance circulation and relax muscles

2. To relieve inflammation and swelling, control bleeding, and relieve pain

3. To increase body temperature and promote healing

4. To numb the affected area for surgical procedures

The correct answer is: To relieve inflammation and swelling, control bleeding, and relieve pain

Using cold, dry compresses in patient care primarily targets inflammation and swelling, helps control bleeding, and provides pain relief. This is due to the physiological effects of cold therapy, which causes vasoconstriction, thereby reducing blood flow to the affected area. This reduction in blood flow helps minimize swelling and inflammation, making it effective for acute injuries such as sprains, strains, and localized swelling. Additionally, the numbing effect that cold has on the nerves in the area helps relieve pain. Cold compresses can be particularly beneficial in the immediate aftermath of an injury, where acute pain and swelling are often at their peak. The combination of reduced circulation and local numbness helps patients manage discomfort effectively without the immediate need for medications. While enhancing circulation and muscle relaxation can be associated with other therapies, increasing body temperature is contrary to the use of cold compresses, which aim to lower the affected area’s temperature. Similarly, the numbing effect is not primarily for surgical procedures, making the other options less relevant in the context of cold, dry compresses.